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Elephants are among the smartest and most social animals on Earth. Are these 10 statements about elephant herds, trunks, tusks and communication true or false? Find out, with a short explanation after each answer.
1. African elephants are generally bigger than Asian elephants.
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True. African elephants are larger and have bigger ears shaped a little like the map of Africa.
2. An elephant drinks through its trunk like a straw, straight into its stomach.
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False. An elephant sucks water into its trunk and then sprays it into its mouth.
3. Elephants are pregnant for about 22 months.
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True. That is the longest pregnancy of any land mammal.
4. All Asian elephants have large tusks.
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False. Female Asian elephants rarely have visible tusks, and some males, called makhnas, have none.
5. Elephants cannot jump.
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True. Their great weight and the structure of their legs mean all four feet never leave the ground.
6. An elephant herd is usually led by the oldest female.
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True. This leader is called the matriarch, and she guides the herd to food and water.
7. Elephants eat meat as well as plants.
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False. Elephants are herbivores. They eat grass, leaves, bark and fruit.
8. The elephant is India's National Heritage Animal.
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True. India declared the elephant its National Heritage Animal in 2010.
9. Elephants can communicate with rumbles too low for people to hear.
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True. These low sounds can travel several kilometres.
10. The hippopotamus is the elephant's closest living relative.
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False. The elephant's closest living relatives are the manatee, the dugong and the small hyrax.
