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South African Geography: Quick Facts

  • South Africa has three capitals: Pretoria (executive), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial).
  • Cape Agulhas is the true southern tip. The Atlantic and Indian oceans meet here (the currents mingle near Cape Point).
  • There are 9 provinces. Gauteng is the smallest by area; the Northern Cape is the largest.
  • Two coasts, two moods: Atlantic (west = cold Benguela Current) and Indian (east = warm Agulhas Current).
  • The Orange (Gariep) River is the longest; the Vaal is its big tributary.
  • Highest ground? Mafadi (≈3,450 m) in the Drakensberg. Tugela Falls drops off this escarpment and is among the tallest in the world.
  • The Blyde River Canyon is one of the largest “green” canyons on Earth — lush, not desert.
  • Kruger National Park stretches across Limpopo and Mpumalanga and is classic Big Five country.
  • The Cape Floristic Region is tiny on the map but mega in plant diversity — think fynbos and the king protea.
  • The Garden Route runs about 300 km (Mossel Bay → Storms River) with forests, lakes, and beach towns.
  • The Karoo is a vast semi-desert (split into Great and Little Karoo). Big skies, bigger silence.
  • The Kalahari nudges into the Northern Cape — red dunes and wide, wild space (hello, Kgalagadi).
  • Johannesburg sits on the highveld and is often called the world’s biggest man-made urban forest.
  • Durban lives in KwaZulu-Natal — warm water, surf, and subtropical weather.
  • Cape Town’s skyline trio: Table Mountain, Lion’s Head, Devil’s Peak.
  • Western Cape = wine heartland (Stellenbosch, Franschhoek, Paarl and more).
  • Nearly 3,000 km of coastline means penguins, whales, and (yes) famous shark spots like False Bay and Gansbaai.
  • Kimberley’s Big Hole is a giant open-pit reminder of the diamond rush days.

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